Best Practice Elements of Multilevel Suicide Prevention Strategies: A Review of Systematic Reviews

摘要

Background: Evidence-based best practices for incorporationinto an optimal multilevel intervention for suicide prevention should beidentifiable in the literature. Aims: To identify effectiveinterventions for the prevention of suicidal behavior. Methods:Review of systematic reviews found in the Pubmed, Cochrane, and DARE databases.Steps include risk-of-bias assessment, data extraction, summarization of bestpractices, and identification of synergistic potentials of such practices inmultilevel approaches. Results: Six relevant systematic reviewswere found. Best practices identified as effective were as follows: traininggeneral practitioners (GPs) to recognize and treat depression and suicidality,improving accessibility of care for at-risk people, and restricting access tomeans of suicide. Although no outcomes were reported for multilevelinterventions or for synergistic effects of multiple interventions appliedtogether, indirect support was found for possible synergies in particularcombinations of interventions within multilevel strategies.Conclusions: A number of evidence-based best practices forthe prevention of suicide and suicide attempts were identified. Research isneeded on the nature and extent of potential synergistic effects of variouspreventive activities within multilevel interventions.